Breves considerações sobre ética para neurotecnologias de inteligência artificial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60144/v5i.2024.120Palavras-chave:
Neurotecnologia, Inteligência artificial, Ética, Governança, Interface cérebro-computadorResumo
Introdução: Implantes e dispositivos tecnológicos estão sendo utilizados para decodificar a atividade neural a fim de mover um braço protético, controlar um avatar e transformar pensamentos em texto por meio de um decodificador baseado em IA. Essas situações são viabilizadas pela Interface Cérebro-Computador (BCI), uma das principais neurotecnologias baseadas em IA utilizadas para compreender o cérebro e melhorar o bem-estar das pessoas. Em 2023, a UNESCO já reconhecia seus benefícios, mas também apontava os potenciais problemas e questões éticas, especialmente relacionados ao uso de intervenções não invasivas. Objetivo: Assim, este ensaio busca responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: quais padrões éticos podem ser desenvolvidos e aplicados para equilibrar os direitos individuais com o desenvolvimento tecnológico, prevenindo situações de vulnerabilidade? Método: Os métodos utilizados neste trabalho foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e a interpretação hermenêutica. Resultados: O trabalho propõe padrões éticos para proteger os direitos dos indivíduos vulneráveis, garantindo que esses direitos sejam respeitados. Conclusões: Não há necessidade de criação de novos neurorights. Questões relacionadas à privacidade e intimidade podem e devem lidar com todos os desafios trazidos pelas neurotecnologias. No entanto, é necessário fortalecer a proteção dos direitos dos indivíduos por meio de padrões éticos e de governança mais robustos.
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